纽约雅各布·贾维茨广场

纽约雅各布·贾维茨广场

Jacob Javits Plaza,

Location: New York, NY, USA

Client: U.S. General Services Administration

Size: 45,000 square fet

Status: Completed 1997

Awards: Phillip N. Winslow Landscape Design Award 1997, ASLA Honor Award 1997, GSA Design Award National Design Citation 1998

In 1992, the Federal Government undertook the repair of the waterproofing for the underground garage beneath the Jacob Javits Plaza. Because the existing plaza would be demolished during the waterproofing construction, there arose an opportunity to revitalize the plaza. During the time that Richard Serra’s “Tilted Arc” inhabited the plaza, this 14 foot high sculpture was an obstruction both visually and physically to pedestrians. After the sculpture was removed, the plaza remained vacant and disconnected from its context. The intent of the plaza redesign was to create a useable, lively open space in the heart of the city. Full art and landscape architectural design services were required for this transformation to take place.

The new plaza is reconnected to its surrounding context and provides innumerable seating opportunities for people having lunch or just for watching other people. Large planters which formerly existed at the northwest and southeast corners of the site have been removed, as well as the long-empty fountain which had occupied the only sunny portion of the site. By opening up the plaza, the connections between the plaza and the street are reestablished, and the people who wish to sit can do so in either sun or shade.

The new plaza is reconnected to its surrounding context and provides innumerable seating opportunities for people having lunch or just for watching other people. Large planters which formerly existed at the northwest and southeast corners of the site have been removed, as well as the long-empty fountain which had occupied the only sunny portion of the site. By opening up the plaza, the connections between the plaza and the street are reestablished, and the people who wish to sit can do so in either sun or shade.

The seating for the site is provided on twisting strands of New York City park benches. The double strands of back-to-back benches loop back and forth and allow for a variety of seating – intimate circles for groups and outside curves for those who wish to lunch alone. With their complex forms and bright green color, these benches energize the flat plane of the plaza in the same way that the French used the parterres embroideries which were punctuated by topiary forms and whose edges were defined by trees and buildings. The bright green color of the benches was selected because its reflectivity helps to enliven a plaza, which for the most part, is in shade.

At Jacob Javits Plaza, the benches swirl around the “topiary” or 6 foot tall grassy hemispheres that exude mist on hot days. Familiar lunchtime elements are provided such as blue enameled drinking fountains, orange wire-mesh trash cans, and Central Park lighting standards. While all of these elements are drawn from the Olmstedean tradition which maintains its hold in New York City, each element is tweaked slightly from its historic predecessor. These elements offer a critique of the art of landscape in New York City, where the ghost of Frederick Law Olmsted is too great a force for even New York to exorcise. The design itself offers a wry commentary on the fact that while New York remains a cultural mecca for most art forms, exploration in landscape architecture receives little support.

位置：美国纽约城

客户：美国总务管理局

规模：45,000平方尺

状态：于1997年竣工

奖项：1997年飞利浦·温斯洛景观设计奖

            1997年美国景观设计师协会荣誉奖

            1998年美国总务管理局设计奖

1992年，联邦政府在雅各布·贾维茨广场（Jacob Javits Plaza）为地下车库进行防水修复工作。由于广场将在施工期间被拆除，因此出现了一个重建广场的机会。在理查德·塞拉（Richard Serra）的“倾斜之弧”放置在广场上的那段时间里，这个14英尺高的雕塑对行人来说，无论是视觉上还是物理上都是一个障碍。在雕塑被移走后，广场变得空空如也，并且与广场的其他建筑之间在视觉上毫无联系。重新设计广场的目的是在市中心建造一个开放空间。要进行这种转变，需要全方位的艺术和景观建筑设计服务。

重新设计的广场重新与周围的环境相联系，并为人们提供了无数的座位，可以在这里吃午饭或者只是单纯地看看路人。之前位于西北和东南角落的大型花槽和长期空置的喷泉都被移除了，该喷泉占据了这个广场唯一有阳光照射的部分。通过把广场开放起来，广场和街道之间的联系重新建立了起来。

新建的广场重新与周围的环境连接起来，为人们提供了无数休闲的座位，人们可以在这里吃午餐，或者单纯地看看路过的行人。以前位于西北和东南角落的大型花槽和长期空置的喷泉都被移除了，该喷泉占据了这个广场唯一有阳光的部分。通过把广场变得开扬，广场和街道之间终于可以重新建立起来。

这里的长椅的形状是弯弯曲曲和圆形的，双面背靠背的设计可以为人们提供多样化的座位——圆形的内环可以让朋友们聚会，而外环则可以让客人自己一个人休息。这些长椅以其独特的形状和明亮的绿色，使广场充满活力。长椅选择亮绿色是因为它的反射性在很大程度上有助于使一个广场变得更加活跃，特别是在阴凉的地方。

在雅各布·贾维茨广场，这些长凳围绕着修剪过的绿化植物或6英尺高的草皮，在炎热的天气里让空气变得不那么干燥。熟悉的午间元素如蓝色搪瓷喷泉、橙色垃圾桶、中央公园级别的照明等。虽然所有这些元素都来自于纽约的奥尔曼斯特传统，但每个元素都被稍微调整了一下。

出处：本文译自marthaschwartz.com/，转载请注明出处！

出处：本文译自marthaschwartz.com/，转载请注明出处！